Find a grade, by any name
Type whatever the drawing or the certificate says: an old EN number, a BS 970 grade, a European name, a material number, an AISI grade or a UNS number.
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Carbon steels
UK shops still order these by the old EN numbers. Drawings and certificates use BS 970 or European names.
| UK name | BS | European name | Number | AISI / UNS | How close | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EN1A | 230M07 | 11SMn30 | 1.0715 | 1213, 1215 | Near equivalent | Repetition turned parts: nuts, bolts, studs, hydraulic fittingsBright drawn |
| EN1A Pb | 230M07 Pb | 11SMnPb30 | 1.0718 | 12L14 | Near equivalent | High-volume turned parts: nuts, bolts, studs, hydraulic fittings; not for weldingBright drawnContains lead. Not for welding. |
| EN3B | 070M20 | C22 | 1.0402 | 1020 | Near equivalent | General-purpose mild steel for lightly stressed machined and welded partsBright drawnTrade naming is loose: some stockholders supply 080A15 as EN3B. Quote the BS 970 number. |
| EN8 | 080M40 | C40 | 1.0511 | 1040, 1045 | Near equivalent | Medium-strength machined parts such as shafts, studs and keysNormalised or bright drawnC45 (1.0503) is the common continental stock grade and carries slightly more carbon. |
| EN8M | 212M36 | 35S20 | 1.0726 | 1140 | Near equivalent | Free-cutting version of EN8 for machined parts needing moderate strengthEN8M is 212M36. 212A42 is EN8DM, a different grade. |
| EN8DM | 212A42 | 46S20 | 1.0727 | – | Near equivalent | Semi free-cutting 0.42% carbon bright bar for machined componentsBright drawnSources differ on the American match. Quote 212A42. |
| EN9 | 070M55 | C55 | 1.0535 | 1055 | Near equivalent | Gears, sprockets, cams, shafts and wear parts; can be flame or induction hardenedAs rolled or normalised |
| EN32B | 080A15 | C16 or C15 | 1.0407 or 1.0401 | 1016 or 1015 | Near equivalent | Lightly stressed case-hardened parts: bushes, cams, rollers, spindles, gearsBright drawnSources split between 080A15 (C16) and 080M15 (C15). Quote the BS 970 number on the drawing. |
Alloy and case-hardening steels
Most are bought hardened and tempered. State the condition as well as the grade.
| UK name | BS | European name | Number | AISI / UNS | How close | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EN16 | 605M36 | – | – | – | No close equivalent | High-tensile shafts, studs and general engineering partsUsually T conditionNo close equivalent. 4135 and 34CrMo4 are chromium-molybdenum steels: a swap is a material change. |
| EN19 | 709M40 | 42CrMo4 | 1.7225 | 4140 | Near equivalent | High-tensile shafts, gears, spindles and boltsUsually EN19T (hardened and tempered) |
| EN24 | 817M40 | 34CrNiMo6 | 1.6582 | 4340 | Near equivalent | Highly stressed shafts, gears and axles in larger sectionsUsually EN24T (hardened and tempered) |
| EN26 | 826M40 | 40NiMoCr10-5 | 1.6745 | – | Near equivalent | Highly stressed shafts, gears, pins and torsion bars needing more strength than EN24Usually W condition (hardened and tempered)No AISI/SAE equivalent. 4340 is a lesser substitute, not the same steel. |
| EN30B | 835M30 | 30NiCrMo16-6 | 1.6747 | – | Near equivalent | 4.25% nickel steel for plastic moulds and highly stressed parts; air or oil hardeningNo AISI/SAE equivalent. |
| EN31 | 535A99 | 100Cr6 | 1.3505 | 52100 | Near equivalent | Ball and roller bearings, gauges, ejector pins and wear-resisting machine partsAnnealed (spheroidised) |
| EN36 | 655M13 | 15NiCr13 | 1.5752 | 3310, 3415 | Near equivalent | Heavy-duty carburised gears and shafts needing a tough core |
| EN40B | 722M24 | 32CrMo12 or 31CrMo12 | 1.7361 or 1.8515 | – | Near equivalent | Nitrided shafts, spindles, gears, pins and extruder parts needing a hard wear surfaceUsually T conditionThe European grades carry more carbon than 722M24, so they are near matches only. No AISI/SAE equivalent. |
| EN41B | 905M39 | 41CrAlMo7-10 | 1.8509 | – | Near equivalent | Nitrided wear parts: valve stems, connecting rods, clutch plates, shackle pins, diesHardened and temperedNo AISI/SAE equivalent. |
| EN47 | 735A50 | 51CrV4 | 1.8159 | 6150 | Near equivalent | Oil-hardened springs, torsion bars and shock-loaded parts such as spindles and gearsAs rolled |
| 8620 | 805M20 | 20NiCrMo2-2 | 1.6523 | 8620 | Near equivalent | Carburised gears, pinions, shafts, camshafts and toolholdersAs rolled |
| 16MnCr5 | 590M17 (nearest) | 16MnCr5 | 1.7131 | 5115 | Near equivalent | Carburised gears, shafts and pins needing a hard case and tough coreStocked under its European name. |
| EN353 | 815M17 | 17NiCrMo6-4 | 1.6566 | – | Near equivalent | Case-hardened gears and shaftsAmerican equivalent not confirmed. |
Tool steels
The AISI letter and number is the everyday name. European drawings use the material number.
| UK name | BS | European name | Number | AISI / UNS | How close | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D2 | BD2 | X153CrMoV12 | 1.2379 | AISI D2 | Same grade | Long-run blanking dies, punches, shear blades and thread rolling diesAnnealedUK stockholders still print the older name X155CrVMo12-1. |
| O1 | BO1 | 100MnCrW4 | 1.2510 | AISI O1 | Same grade | General-purpose press tools, punches, gauges, taps and ground flat stockAnnealedOften sold as ground flat stock (gauge plate). |
| A2 | BA2 | X100CrMoV5 | 1.2363 | AISI A2 | Same grade | Blanking tools, punches, forming dies, gauges and shear bladesAnnealed |
| H13 | BH13 | X40CrMoV5-1 | 1.2344 | AISI H13 | Same grade | Die-casting dies, extrusion dies and hot forging tools for aluminium and brassAnnealedSupplied annealed: hardening is a separate operation. |
| P20 | BP20 | 40CrMnMo7 | 1.2311 | AISI P20 | Near equivalent | Plastic injection moulds, bolsters, die holders and zinc die-casting diesPre-hardened, about 300 HB1.2312 and 1.2738 are different steels also sold as P20. Order by number. |
| Silver steel | BS 1407 | 115CrV3 | 1.2210 | – | Near equivalent | Punches, pins, shafts, small cutting tools and model engineering partsPrecision ground, annealed1.2210 is a near match only. |
Structural steels
The EN 10025 names replaced the BS 4360 grades. American grades are near matches at best.
| UK name | BS | European name | Number | AISI / UNS | How close | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S275JR | BS 4360 43B | S275JR | 1.0044 | – | Near equivalent | General structural sections, plate and flat bar for fabricationAs rolledASTM matches vary by source. A36 is sometimes quoted but is not equivalent. |
| S355JR | BS 4360 50B | S355JR | 1.0045 | ASTM A572 Gr 50 | Near equivalent | Structural plate, sections and bar where sub-zero toughness is not requiredAs rolled |
| S355J2 | BS 4360 50D | S355J2 | 1.0577 | ASTM A572 Gr 50 | Near equivalent | Higher-strength structural plate, sections and bar; impact tested at -20°CAs rolled or normalisedImpact tested at minus 20 C. |
Cast irons
Sold as continuous cast bar. The ASTM grades do not line up one to one.
| UK name | BS | European name | Number | AISI / UNS | How close | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grey cast iron grade 250 | BS 1452 Grade 250 | EN-GJL-250 | 5.1301 | ASTM A48 Class 35 or 40 | Near equivalent | Machined pistons, bushes, moulds, gears and parts needing vibration dampingContinuous cast bar250 MPa sits between ASTM Class 35 and Class 40. |
| SG (ductile) iron 400/15 | BS 2789 420/12 | EN-GJS-400-15 | 5.3106 | ASTM A536 60-40-18 | Near equivalent | Ductile machined parts such as valves, pistons, dies and mouldsContinuous cast barStockholders still label bar BS 2789 400/15. |
| SG (ductile) iron 500/7 | BS 2789 500/7 | EN-GJS-500-7 | 5.3200 | – | Near equivalent | Gears, pistons, valve bodies, dies and moulds needing more strength than 400/15Continuous cast barNo direct ASTM grade: it falls between 65-45-12 and 80-55-06. |
| SG (ductile) iron 600/3 | BS 2789 600/3 | EN-GJS-600-3 | 5.3201 | – | Near equivalent | Higher-strength gears, valve bodies, pistons and diesContinuous cast barNo direct ASTM grade: it falls between 80-55-06 and 100-70-03. |
Stainless steels
The AISI number, the European number and the UNS number name the same grade.
| UK name | BS | European name | Number | AISI / UNS | How close | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 303 | 303S31 | X8CrNiS18-9 | 1.4305 | UNS S30300 | Same grade | Heavily machined parts: nuts, bolts, screws, gears, bushings, shafts, fittingsAnnealed (solution treated)Free-machining. Lower corrosion resistance than 304 and poor to weld. |
| 304 | 304S31 | X5CrNi18-10 | 1.4301 | UNS S30400 | Same grade | Sinks, food and brewery equipment, tubing, architectural panels, springs, nuts and boltsAnnealed (solution treated)Often supplied dual-certified 304/304L. |
| 304L | 304S11 | X2CrNi18-9 | 1.4307 | UNS S30403 | Same grade | Welded heavy-gauge components, plate and pipe fabrications; otherwise as 304Annealed (solution treated)1.4307 is the usual UK 304L. 1.4306 is a higher-nickel variant, mostly on German drawings. |
| 316 | 316S31 | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 | 1.4401 | UNS S31600 | Same grade | Food, brewery, chemical and marine equipment, boat fittings, heat exchangersAnnealed (solution treated)Often supplied dual-certified 316/316L. |
| 316L | 316S11 | X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | 1.4404 | UNS S31603 | Same grade | Welded heavy-section parts for chemical, food and marine equipmentAnnealed (solution treated)Often dual-certified with 316. |
| 316Ti | 320S31 | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 | 1.4571 | UNS S31635 | Same grade | 316-type parts for elevated-temperature service; chemical plant and heat exchangersAnnealed (solution treated) |
| 321 | 321S31 | X6CrNiTi18-10 | 1.4541 | UNS S32100 | Same grade | Exhaust manifolds, expansion joints, refinery and high-temperature process equipmentAnnealed (solution treated) |
| 410 | 410S21 | X12Cr13 | 1.4006 | UNS S41000 | Same grade | Valve and pump parts, mechanical seals, press plates, mining machineryAnnealed, or hardened and temperedNot the same as 410S (1.4000), a low-carbon ferritic grade. |
| 416 | 416S21 | X12CrS13 | 1.4005 | UNS S41600 | Same grade | Free-machining shafts, valve parts, studs, nuts, bolts, gearsAnnealed, or hardened and temperedFree-machining 410 type. State the condition on the order. |
| 420 (X20Cr13) | 420S37 | X20Cr13 | 1.4021 | AISI 420 | Near equivalent | Pump and motor shafts, valve parts, studs, gears, hand toolsAnnealed, or hardened and temperedAISI 420 covers several European grades by carbon content. Order by the EN number. |
| 420 (X30Cr13) | 420S45 | X30Cr13 | 1.4028 | AISI 420 | Near equivalent | Knives and cutlery blades, shear blades, instruments, plastic mouldsAnnealed, or hardened and temperedAISI 420 covers several European grades by carbon content. Order by the EN number. |
| 431 | 431S29 | X17CrNi16-2 | 1.4057 | UNS S43100 | Same grade | Shafts, axles, pumps, valves, bolts and nuts for aircraft and marine useUsually hardened and tempered |
| 430 | 430S17 | X6Cr17 | 1.4016 | UNS S43000 | Same grade | Decorative trim, sinks, appliance panels, flue linings, fastenersAnnealed |
| 17-4PH | – | X5CrNiCuNb16-4 | 1.4542 | UNS S17400, AISI 630 | Same grade | High-strength shafts, gears, valve and engine parts, turbine bladesSolution treated, then agedState the ageing condition, for example H1025 or H1150. Not for service as solution treated. |
| Duplex 2205 | 318S13 | X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | 1.4462 | UNS S32205, S31803 | Same grade | Oil, gas, chemical and marine pumps, valves, pipe, shafts and vesselsSolution annealedS32205 is the tighter chemistry and also meets S31803. Most stock is dual-certified. |
| Super duplex 2507 | – | X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 | 1.4410 | UNS S32750 | Same grade | Subsea and marine pumps, valves, shafts and fasteners; chemical process plantSolution annealedNot the same alloy as S32760 (1.4501). |
| Super duplex S32760 | – | X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 | 1.4501 | UNS S32760 | Same grade | Subsea pipework, seawater pumps and valves, heat exchangers, pressure vesselsSolution annealedSold under the trade name Zeron 100. Not interchangeable with 2507. |
| 904L | 904S13 | X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 | 1.4539 | UNS N08904 | Same grade | Chemical plant, sulphuric and phosphoric acid equipment, seawater serviceSolution annealed |
| 440C | – | X105CrMo17 | 1.4125 | UNS S44004 | Same grade | Bearings, valve seats, knife blades, surgical instrumentsAnnealedMachine in the annealed condition, then harden. |
Nickel alloys
The trade knows these by their trade names. A drawing should give the UNS or material number.
| UK name | BS | European name | Number | AISI / UNS | How close | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alloy 625 | NA21 | NiCr22Mo9Nb | 2.4856 | UNS N06625 | Same grade | Wellhead and downhole parts, seawater heat exchangers, propeller shafts, sour-gas pipeworkAnnealedTrade name Inconel 625. |
| Alloy 718 | NA51 | NiCr19Fe19Nb5Mo3 | 2.4668 | UNS N07718 | Same grade | Gas turbine and aero-engine parts, wellhead and downhole equipment, cryogenic tanksSolution annealed, or agedTrade name Inconel 718. State whether aged material is required. |
| Alloy 400 | NA13 | NiCu30Fe | 2.4360 | UNS N04400 | Same grade | Pump shafts, valve trim, marine fixings, heat exchangers, chemical process equipmentAnnealedTrade name Monel 400. |
| Alloy K-500 | NA18 | NiCu30Al | 2.4375 | UNS N05500 | Same grade | Pump and propeller shafts, fasteners, springs, valve trim, oil-well toolsAnnealed, then age hardenedTrade name Monel K-500. Usually machined slightly oversize, aged, then finished. |
| Alloy C-276 | – | NiMo16Cr15W | 2.4819 | UNS N10276 | Same grade | Chemical plant: reactors, scrubbers, heat exchangers, pumps and valvesSolution annealedTrade name Hastelloy C-276. |
| Alloy 825 | NA16 | NiCr21Mo | 2.4858 | UNS N08825 | Same grade | Chemical process equipment, scrubbers, tanks, heat exchangers, sour-service downhole equipmentAnnealedTrade name Incoloy 825. |
Titanium
Ordered by ASTM grade. The BS numbers are aerospace specifications by product form.
| UK name | BS | European name | Number | AISI / UNS | How close | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Titanium Grade 2 | TA2 (sheet), TA3 (bar) | – | 3.7035 | UNS R50400 | Same grade | Chemical plant, condensers, heat exchangers, marine and medical componentsAnnealedBS TA numbers are aerospace specifications by product form, not grades. |
| Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) | 3TA10 (sheet), 3TA11 (bar) | TiAl6V4 | 3.7165 | UNS R56400 | Same grade | Aero-engine and airframe parts, medical implants, motorsport, marine and offshore componentsAnnealed3.7164 is the aerospace number. ELI (Grade 23) is a separate grade. |
Aluminium alloys
The four-digit alloy number is the same in the European and American systems. The temper is ordered separately.
| UK name | BS | European name | Number | AISI / UNS | How close | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1050A | 1B | Al99.5 | EN AW-1050A, 3.0255 | AA 1050A | Same grade | Sheet metal work, flashings, food and chemical plant equipment, lamp reflectorsH14 |
| 2011 | FC1 | AlCu6BiPb | EN AW-2011, 3.1655 | AA 2011 | Same grade | High-speed turned parts, fasteners and fittings made on automatic lathesT3 / T6Free-machining. Not for welding. Ask before specifying a decorative anodised finish. |
| 2014A | H15 | AlCu4SiMg(A) | EN AW-2014A | AA 2014A | Same grade | High-strength structural and aerospace components, military vehicle partsT651 / T65112014A and 2014 are listed separately: quote the EN AW number. |
| 5083 | N8 | AlMg4.5Mn0.7 | EN AW-5083, 3.3547 | AA 5083 | Same grade | Shipbuilding, rail cars, vehicle and tipper bodies, pressure vesselsO / H111 |
| 5251 | N4 | AlMg2Mn0.3 | EN AW-5251, 3.3525 | AA 5251 | Same grade | General sheet metal work, panelling, pressings, vehicle panels, marine structuresH22 |
| 5754 | – | AlMg3 | EN AW-5754, 3.3535 | AA 5754 | Same grade | Treadplate, vehicle bodies, shipbuilding, food processing equipment, welded structuresH22 / H111No old BS name. |
| 6061 | H20 | AlMg1SiCu | EN AW-6061 | AA 6061 | Same grade | Heavy-duty structures, truck frames, rail coaches, marine and aircraft partsT6Quote EN AW-6061: sources differ on the Werkstoff number. |
| 6063 | H9 | AlMg0.7Si | EN AW-6063, 3.3206 | AA 6063 | Same grade | Architectural extrusions, window and door frames, shop fittings, tubingT6 |
| 6082 | H30 | AlSi1MgMn | EN AW-6082, 3.2315 | AA 6082 | Same grade | General engineering bar and plate, structural sections, trusses, cranes, bridgesT6 / T651The old BS prefix shows the form: HE30 extrusion, HP30 plate, HS30 sheet. |
| 7075 | 2L95 | AlZn5.5MgCu | EN AW-7075, 3.4365 | AA 7075 | Same grade | Very high strength aircraft parts, gears, shafts, tool makingT6512L95 is the old aerospace plate specification. |
| 6101A | – | AlMgSi(A) | EN AW-6101A | AA 6101A | Near equivalent | Electrical busbars and power distribution componentsT6Busbar alloy. Quote EN AW-6101A. |
Brass, bronze and copper
UK drawings keep the old BS names. European drawings use CW and CC numbers.
| UK name | BS | European name | Number | AISI / UNS | How close | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C101 copper | C101 | Cu-ETP | CW004A | UNS C11000 | Same grade | Busbars, electrical conductors, transformer and motor components, general engineeringHalf hard or hard drawn |
| C103 oxygen-free copper | C103 | Cu-OF | CW008A | UNS C10200 | Same grade | Vacuum and electronic components, conductors exposed to reducing atmospheres |
| C106 copper | C106 | Cu-DHP | CW024A | UNS C12200 | Same grade | Plumbing tube, roofing sheet, heat exchangers, brazed or welded fabricationsHalf hard or soft |
| CZ121 brass | CZ121 (Pb3) | CuZn39Pb3 | CW614N | UNS C38500 | Same grade | High-speed machined components, fasteners, plumbing fittings, extruded sectionsCZ121 Pb4 is a different number, CW609N. CW603N is CZ124. |
| CZ108 brass | CZ108 | CuZn37 | CW508L | UNS C27200 | Near equivalent | Sheet and tube for pressings, radiators, heat exchangers, decorative workHalf hardA cold-forming brass: machine at slow speeds. |
| CZ112 naval brass | CZ112 | CuZn36Sn1Pb | CW712R | UNS C46400 | Near equivalent | Marine fasteners, heat exchanger tube plates, underwater hardwareCW712R is the nearest European grade and carries a little lead. |
| CZ114 high tensile brass | CZ114 | CuZn40Mn1Pb1AlFeSn | CW721R | UNS C67500 | Near equivalent | High-strength valve stems, marine fittings, fasteners, architectural sections |
| PB102 phosphor bronze | PB102 | CuSn5 | CW451K | UNS C51000 | Same grade | Springs, bushes, fasteners, electrical contacts, pump and valve spindlesDrawn rod or hard sheet |
| PB1 phosphor bronze (cast) | PB1 | CuSn11P-C | CC481K | – | Near equivalent | Heavily loaded bearings, bushes, worm wheels and gearsContinuous castOrder to PB1 or CC481K. The UNS number varies between sources. |
| LG2 leaded gunmetal | LG2 | CuSn5Zn5Pb5-C | CC491K | UNS C83600 | Same grade | Pressure-tight valve and pump bodies, lightly loaded bearingsContinuous cast |
| SAE 660 bearing bronze | – | CuSn7Zn4Pb7-C | CC493K | UNS C93200 | Near equivalent | General-purpose bushes, bearings, thrust washers and wear platesContinuous castAn American grade with no confirmed BS 1400 equivalent. Contains about 7% lead. |
| CA104 aluminium bronze | CA104 | CuAl10Ni5Fe4 | CW307G | UNS C63000 or C63200 | Near equivalent | High-strength marine fasteners, valve and pump parts, bushes, gearsSources differ on the UNS number: check which the drawing calls for. |
| AB2 aluminium bronze (cast) | AB2 | CuAl10Fe5Ni5-C | CC333G | UNS C95800 | Same grade | Cast marine propellers, pump and valve bodies, heavy-duty bearingsContinuous cast |
| CuCrZr (CC102) | CC102 | CuCr1Zr | CW106C | UNS C18150 | Same grade | Resistance welding electrodes, switchgear and circuit breaker partsCC101 (CW105C) is a different alloy. |
| Beryllium copper (CB101) | CB101 | CuBe2 | CW101C | UNS C17200 | Same grade | High-strength bearing bushes, electrical connectors, welding electrodes, toolingSolution treated or mill hardened |
| CZ106 cartridge brass | CZ106 | CuZn30 | CW505L | UNS C26000 | Same grade | Deep-drawn and spun parts, pressings, lamp caps, heat exchanger tubes |
| C109 tellurium copper | C109 | CuTeP | CW118C | UNS C14500 | Same grade | Machined electrical parts, terminals, connector pins, gas cutting nozzles |
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What near equivalent means, and what to do about it
Two grades are near equivalents when their chemistry and strength overlap enough that the trade uses one as the stand-in for the other. The ranges are not the same. EN19 and 42CrMo4 share their chromium and molybdenum, but each standard sets its own limits and its own way of stating strength.
- If the drawing names a standard, order to that standard. An equivalent is a question for whoever owns the drawing.
- If the drawing gives only an old EN number, quote the BS 970 grade and the condition. EN19 and EN24 are usually wanted in the T condition.
- If a supplier offers a different grade, treat it as a material change. Ask for the certificate, compare it with the standard on the drawing, and get approval before the bar is cut.
- If the table says no close equivalent, do not accept a substitute on its name. EN16 is the usual trap.
- If the part carries a safety duty, get the approval in writing.
- Ask for an EN 10204 3.1 certificate and check the grade and the condition on it. The certificates and traceability guide covers what to specify.
The rows that catch people out
- EN16 has no close equivalent. It is a manganese-molybdenum steel. 4135 and 34CrMo4, sometimes offered in its place, are chromium-molybdenum steels.
- EN8M and EN8DM are different steels. EN8M is 212M36. 212A42 is EN8DM.
- EN40B has two European names. UK stockholders quote 32CrMo12 (1.7361) and EN 10085 lists 31CrMo12 (1.8515). Both carry more carbon than 722M24.
- 420 is more than one stainless steel. X20Cr13 (1.4021) and X30Cr13 (1.4028) are both sold as 420. Order by the European number.
- Duplex 2205 has two UNS numbers. S32205 is the tighter chemistry and also meets S31803. Most stock is certified to both.
- CZ121 comes in two lead levels. The usual one is CW614N. CZ121 Pb4 is CW609N.
- EN3B is used loosely. Some stockholders supply 080A15 under that name. Quote 070M20 if that is what the drawing means.
- For 6061 and 2014A, quote the EN AW number. Sources differ on the older German material numbers.
A worked example: a German drawing, a UK order
A drawing from a German customer calls for 42CrMo4+QT, material number 1.7225. A UK bar stockholder knows it as EN19T, which is 709M40 in the T condition. Both are hardened and tempered chromium-molybdenum steel.
They are near equivalents, not the same specification. The European standard sets the strength by section size. BS 970 sets it by condition letter. So the order names the standard on the drawing, and the certificate is checked against that standard when the bar arrives.
TrueNorth Engineering, Manchester, buys material to the standard on the drawing and supplies the EN 10204 3.1 certificate with the parts when the order asks for it. Where a part is remade from a sample with no drawing, the material is identified by PMI and hardness testing before a grade is chosen.
Who stocks these grades
The UK metal stockholders directory lists verified stockholders by material, and the engineering steel bar page covers the EN-series specialists. Import quotas are set by quarter and prices can move as a quota runs down, so the UK Steel Quota Tracker is worth a look before a large steel order.
How this table was checked
- Two sources per row. Each row was checked against at least two independent published sources: stockholder and mill datasheets, trade body tables and standards listings.
- Shared datasheets count once. Stockholders that publish the same datasheet text were treated as one source.
- Disagreements are shown, not hidden. Where sources differ on one cell, the cell is blank or gives both values, and the note says what to quote.
- No forced matches. A grade with no confirmed equivalent is shown that way.
If you see an error, email admin@tneltd.com and it will be checked and corrected.